您的位置: 首页 » 法律资料网 » 法律法规 »

全国体育场地维修专项补助经费管理办法

时间:2024-07-22 20:29:06 来源: 法律资料网 作者:法律资料网 阅读:9037
下载地址: 点击此处下载

全国体育场地维修专项补助经费管理办法

财政部 国家体育总局


全国体育场地维修专项补助经费管理办法

第一章 总则
第一条 为了加强全国体育场地维修专项补助经费(以下简称维修经费)的管理,提高资金使用效益,根据《体育事业单位财务制度》,制定本办法。
第二条 维修经费是中央财政为加强全国体育场馆维修,进一步推进《全民健身计划》和《奥运争光计划》的实施而设立的专项补助经费,由国家体育总局和财政部共同管理。
第三条 维修经费必须按规定用途,专款专用。不得用于本办法规定范围以外的项目,不得抵充单位正常事业经费,不得用于个人奖金、福利、差旅费等项开支。各级体育、财政部门和有关单位不得截留、挪用和挤占维修经费。
第四条 维修经费实行统一分配,分级管理,分级负责的原则。
第五条 各省、自治区、直辖市及计划单列市的体育部门(以下简称省级体育部门)使用维修经费,必须接受国家体育总局和财政、审计等部门的监督和检查。

第二章 补助范围
第六条 维修经费的补助范围如下:
一、各省级体育部门所开展的18个奥运会重点项目的体育场馆的维修与改造;国家体育总局与地方共建的体育训练基地体育设施、设备的维修与改造。
18个奥运重点项目包括:田径、游泳、跳水、乒乓球、羽毛球、射击、射箭、击剑、体操、举重、摔跤、柔道、赛艇、帆船帆板、篮球、排球、速滑、短道速滑。
二、遭受严重自然灾害和老、少、边、穷地区体育训练基地及体育设施、设备的维修与改造。

第三章 经费的申请和审批
第七条 凡符合上述补助范围的单位可申请维修经费,申请时间为每年1月1日至3月31日。
第八条 省级体育部门和财政部门为维修经费的申请单位。省级体育部门所属单位以及地、市、县体育部门申请经费时,均须上报省级体育部门和财政部门,经省级体育部门和财政部门审核汇总后联合向国家体育总局和财政部提出申请。凡越级上报或单方面上报的申请均不受理。
第九条 对各省级体育部门和财政部门报来的申请,由国家体育总局进行审核汇总,并根据体育事业发展的年度计划和长远规划,结合各省级体育部门对专款的管理情况、使用效益及当年的实际需要进行综合平衡,制定出初步分配方案,征得财政部同意后,由财政部、国家体育总局共同下达。

第四章 财务管理与监督
第十条 维修经费实行“专项申报,逐项核定,专款专用”的管理办法。并对使用情况跟踪问效。
第十一条 各省级体育部门和财政部门负责本地区使用的维修经费的财务管理。
第十二条 各省级财政部门在收到专款补助通知后,必须及时将经费拨付同级体育部门,体育部门收到拨款后,应及时将专款一次拨付给用款单位。
第十三条 已批准补助并拨款的项目,在一年内仍未动工的,国家体育总局和财政部将对该项目予以注销,并将已拨经费调至其它补助项目,或由财政部收回。
第十四条 当年未完工项目,年终经费结余的,可结转下年度继续使用。项目完成后如有结余资金,可用于下年度本地区体育场馆的维修。
第十五条 如遇有特殊情况需调整或变动已批准的维修项目或项目内容,须由省级体育部门提出申请,经国家体育总局和财政部批准后方能调整或变动。
第十六条 维修项目完成后,由用款单位编制维修经费使用情况报告,经省级体育部门和财政部门审核汇总后,报国家体育总局和财政部。
第十七条 凡有下列行为之一的,国家体育总局和财政部将视情况分别给予暂停核批新的补助项目、收回维修经费或一至三年内不安排维修经费等处罚,并追究有关人员的责任:
一、擅自变更补助项目内容的;
二、挪用维修经费的;
三、用维修经费发放工资、奖金、福利的;
四、因管理不善,给国家财产造成损失和浪费的;
五、经费不能及时拨到使用单位的。

第五章 附则
第十八条 本办法由国家体育总局和财政部负责解释。
第十九条 本办法自发布之日起实施。



Provisions for Drug Insert Sheets and Labels

Commissioner of SFDA


Provisions for Drug Insert Sheets and Labels



(SFDA Decree No.24)

The Provisions for Drug Insert Sheets and Labels, adopted at the executive meeting of the State Food and Drug Administration on March 10, 2006, is hereby promulgated and shall go into effect as of June 1, 2006.


Shao Mingli
Commissioner of SFDA

March 15, 2006





Provisions for Drug Insert Sheets and Labels


Chapter I General Provisions

Article 1 The Provisions are enacted with a view to regulating drug insert sheets and labels in accordance with the Drug Administration Law of the People’s Republic of China and the Regulations for Implementation of the Drug Administration Law of the People’s Republic of China.

Article 2 The insert sheets and labels of drugs marketed within the territory of the People’s Republic of China shall meet the requirements of the Provisions.

Article 3 Drug insert sheets and labels shall be reviewed and approved by the State Food and Drug Administration.

A drug shall be labeled on the basis of its insert sheet. The content of the label shall be within the scope of the insert sheet. Any words and marks with implied therapeutic effects, misleading information on usage, or inappropriate promotion of the product shall not be printed.

Article 4 A drug label shall be printed on or affixed to the drug package, and no other written words, audio and/or visual materials or other information are attached to introduce or publicize the product or the enterprise.

An insert sheet shall be attached to the smallest package provided by the drug manufacturer for marketing.

Article 5 The wording in drug insert sheets and labels shall be scientific, standardized and accurate. The insert sheet of a non-prescription drug shall be written intelligibly and convenient for patients to judge, choose and use the drug on their own.

Article 6 In the label or insert sheet, the letters or characters shall be clear and easy to be recognized and the marks shall be clear and distinctive. The label and insert sheet shall have no print faded and shall not be affixed unsteadily. Any addition or modification shall not be made by means of pasting, cutting or altering.

Article 7 Drug insert sheets and labels shall be written in standardized Chinese characters published by the National Language Commission. The versions in other languages shall comply with the Chinese version.

Article 8 With the aim to protect public health and direct the rational use of drugs, drug manufacturers may voluntarily apply to add warnings to drug insert sheets or labels. The State Food and Drug Administration may also request drug manufacturers to add warnings to drug insert sheets or labels.


Chapter II Drug Insert Sheet

Article 9 A drug insert sheet shall include the significant scientific data, conclusions and information concerning drug safety and efficacy in order to direct the safe and rational use of drugs. The specific format, content and writing requirements of drug insert sheet shall be prescribed and issued by the State Food and Drug Administration.

Article 10 Disease names, pharmaceutical terms, drug names, the names and results of clinical testing in drug insert sheets shall be expressed in professional terms published or standardized by the State. The units of measurement shall conform to the national standards.

Article 11 All the active ingredients or medicinal ingredients of traditional Chinese medicines in a prescription shall be listed in the insert sheet. For injections and non-prescription drugs, all excipients shall be listed as well.

The ingredients or excipients included in a prescription, which may cause severe adverse reaction, shall be specified.

Article 12 A drug manufacturer shall trace the safety and efficacy of its marketed drugs. For any modification to the insert sheet, an application shall be submitted timely.

The State Food and Drug Administration may also require a drug manufacturer to make modification to the insert sheet on the basis of the results of adverse drug reaction monitoring and drug re-evaluation.

Article 13 After the modification to the insert sheet is approved, the drug manufacturer shall inform relevant drug distributors, drug users and other departments of the modified content immediately, and use the modified insert sheet and label timely as required.

Article 14 The insert sheet shall provide full information on adverse drug reaction and indicate the adverse reactions in detail. A drug manufacturer, who fails to timely modify the insert sheet on the basis of the safety and efficacy data of the marketed drug or to fully explain the adverse reaction in the insert sheet, shall be liable for all the consequences arising therefrom.

Article 15 The approval date and the modification date shall be distinctively shown in the insert sheet.


Chapter III Drug Labels

Article 16 Drug labels refer to the information printed or pasted on drug packaging, including inner labels and outer labels. Inner labels refer to those that appear on immediate packaging; outer labels are those on the other packaging outside of inner labels.

Article 17 The inner label shall bear such drug information as the adopted name in China, indications or functions, strength, dose and usage, production date, batch number, expiry date and manufacturer. If there is no enough space in the package to include all the information mentioned above, the adopted name in China, strength, batch number and expiry date shall be indicated at least.

Article 18 The outer label of a drug shall indicate such information as the adopted name in China, ingredients, description, indications or functions, strength, dose and usage, adverse reactions, contraindications, precautions, storage, production date, batch number, expiry date, approval number and manufacturer. Where indications or functions, dose and usage, adverse reactions, contraindications and precautions cannot be fully noted, main information plus a “See drug insert sheet for details.” notice shall be indicated.

Article 19 The label on the package for transportation and storage shall bear at least the adopted name in China, strength, storage, production date, batch number, expiry date, approval number and manufacturer. Other information such as packaging quantity, precautions for transportation or other marks may be included when necessary.

Article 20 The label for drug substance shall include the adopted name in China, storage, production date, batch number, expiry date, applied specifications, approval number and manufacturer. Other necessary information such as packaging quantity and precautions for transportation shall also be indicated.

Article 21 Where one drug produced by a manufacturer has the same drug strength and packaging specification, the content, format and color of its labels must be the same. Where one drug produced by a manufacturer has different drug strengths or packaging specifications, its labels shall be clearly distinguished from one another, or its specifications shall be notably marked in the corresponding specification items.

Where a drug produced by a manufacturer is administrated as prescription drug and non-prescription drug respectively, their packaging colors shall be distinctly different.

Article 22 For drugs with special requirements on storage, its requirements shall be marked in the notable place of the label.

Article 23 The expiry date in the drug label shall appear in the order of year, month and day, with year shown in four digits, month and day in two digits. Its specific format shall be “Valid till XXXX year XX month” or “Valid till XXXX year XX month XX day”. It may be presented with numbers and other symbols as “Valid till XXXX.XX.” or “Valid till XXXX/XX/XX”.

For the preventive biological product, the expiry date shall be labeled according to the registration specifications approved by the State Food and Drug Administration. The expiry date of the biological product for therapeutic use shall be counted from the filling date. For other drugs, the expiry date shall be counted from the production date.

Where the expiry date is labeled to the day, it shall be marked as one day earlier than the actual expiry date; where the expiry date is labeled to the month, it shall be marked as one month earlier than the actual expiry month.


Chapter IV Use of Drug Name and Registered Trademark

Article 24 The drug name in insert sheets and labels shall conform to the nomenclature principles on the adopted name in China and trade name of drug announced by the State Food and Drug Administration, and shall be consistent with those appeared in the approval documents of the drug.

Article 25 The adopted name in China shall be conspicuous and prominent, and its typeface, size and color shall be consistent, and meet the following requirements:
(1) For horizontal labels, the adopted name in China shall appear in a prominent position within the area of the upper one-third of the label; for vertical labels, it shall appear in a prominent position within the area of the right one-third of the label;
(2) No such illegible typefaces as cursive characters and seal characters shall be used, and no such format as italics, margining and shading shall be used to modify the typefaces.
(3) The font color of the adopted name in China shall be black or white, in sharp contrast to the light-colored or dark-colored background respectively.
(4) Writing in separate lines shall be avoided unless limited by the packaging size.

Article 26 The trade name of a drug shall not be placed in the same line with the adopted name in China; its typeface and color shall be no more conspicuous than that of the adopted name in China, and its font area per character shall be no bigger than half of that of the adopted name in China.

Article 27 Unregistered trademarks and other drug names unapproved by the State Food and Drug Administration shall not be used in the drug insert sheets and labels.

Where a registered trademark is used in a drug label, it shall be printed in a corner of the label. Where a registered trademark contains characters, the font area per character shall be no bigger than a quarter of that of the adopted name in China.


Chapter V Other Provisions

Article 28 For narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances, medicinal toxic drugs, radioactive pharmaceuticals, drugs for topical use, non-prescription drugs and other drugs having special marks specified by the State, their special marks shall be printed in the drug insert sheets and labels.
Where there are special provisions issued by the State for drug insert sheets and labels, they shall prevail.

Article 29 The labeling provisions for Chinese crude drugs and prepared slices of Chinese crude drugs shall be formulated separately by the State Food and Drug Administration.

Article 30 Where drug insert sheets and labels are not in compliance with the Provisions, a punishment shall be imposed in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Drug Administration Law of the People’s Republic of China.


Chapter VI Supplementary Provisions

Article 31 These Provisions shall come into force as of June 1, 2006. the Provisions for Drug Packaging, Labels and Insert Sheets (Provisional) issued by State Food and Drug Administration on October 15, 2005 shall be annulled therefrom.


诉讼时效探析

宋君


  诉讼时效,又称消灭时效,指在法定期间内,权利人不行使权利,则产生相应的法律后果的制度。《民法通则》第135条规定:“向人民法院请求保护民事权利的诉讼时效期间为两年,法律另有规定的除外。”本文就“诉讼时效”应为当事人“抗辩权”的法律理论进行探析。
  目前,理论界以及司法实务界通说认为,诉讼时效期间届满,所产生的法律后果是:权利人请求人民法院保护的胜诉权消灭。如,“诉讼时效,是指权利人不行使权利的事实状态,持续经过法定期间届满,丧失其请求法院依诉讼程序强制义务人履行义务的权利的时效制度。诉讼时效届满只丧失了权利人的胜诉权,并未丧失其实体民事权利,也没有丧失程序意义上的诉权。” 诉讼时效期间届满后,权利人丧失请求人民法院依自己的主张而作出判决的胜诉权,失去的是国家强制力的保护,是公力救济。更确切地说,罹于诉讼时效的后果,是权利的国家强制执行力消灭。但是,我们发现上述说法在理论上存在着缺陷,对于诉讼时效制度实际运行中的许多问题并不能提供合理的解释。
  一、诉讼时效届满胜诉权消灭说
  第一,实践中,虽然不排除在诉讼时效届满后,权利人仍然起诉至法院,而义务人亦以诉讼时效届满,胜诉权消灭为由进行抗辩,拒绝履行债务。然而,实际生活中,更多的是,诉讼时效届满后,当权利人要求义务人履行债务时,义务人直接以时效对抗权利人,权利人因此也就不再向义务人主张权利,这其间根本无需牵涉到诉请法院判决的问题。而按照诉讼时效届满胜诉权消灭说,胜诉权是一种“程序意义上的权利”,是一种权利人请求法院的“诉权”。“诉权是程序权利。所谓程序权利,表现为,诉权只能在诉讼程序上行使。诉权只能向行使国家审判权的法院提出,而法院行使审判权以与诉权结合发动诉讼程序的机制,除了在诉讼程序上运行外,不能有其他。换一个角度说,诉权不能任意向不确定的对象提出,而只能向特定的能够操作诉讼程序的法院提出。” 如此,我们便可以看出理论上的学说与现实生活之间的一种背离。按照诉讼时效届满胜诉权消灭说,在诉讼程序中,由于权利人请求法院予以强制保护其权利的胜诉权消灭,故其请求义务人履行义务的请求不能实现。但是,就权利人直接要求义务人履行义务而言,由于其“实体意义上的权利”仍然存在,故义务人并没有不履行义务的正当性,理论上仍然应当履行自己的义务。可是,实践中,一般情况下,多是权利人直接向义务人主张权利,义务人也直接以诉讼时效届满为由予以拒绝,而对于诉讼时效确已届满的权利,权利人一般也不会再诉至法院,徒增烦扰。那么,我们是不是应当因为义务人并没有在诉讼程序中主张诉讼时效届满,权利人胜诉权消灭,因而就否认这种社会通行做法的实际效力呢?我们认为,法律的作用在于认同社会通行的观念、做法,而非强求社会屈从于法律的规定。因此,如果认为社会上通行的这种当事人之间直接主张诉讼时效届满的情形是无效的,而必须将这一事实交由法院作出判断,那将是一种画蛇添足、削足适履的做法,是与法律的基本立法精神相违背的。
  第二,关于诉讼时效届满是否可由法院主动援引的问题,过去,我们学术界曾经认为应当允许法院主动地援引,而不限于当事人的自我主张。但是,现在,学术界普遍认为,“法庭不待当事人主张而主动适用诉讼时效,违背民法时效制度的本质和市场经济的要求,不利于人民和企业合法权益的保护。” 这种观点也已经日益为实务界所接受。所以,社科院法学所民法典建议稿第191条、中国人民大学民商事基地民法典建议稿第148条均规定,时效必须由当事人自行主张,法院或仲裁机构不得主动适用。
  然而,根据“胜诉权消灭说”,胜诉权是权利人请求法院判决其胜诉,法院据以给予权利人的利益以强制保护的权利。如此,胜诉权的有无直接决定法院应否判决权利人胜诉。既然胜诉权在决定法院判决的内容方面具有如此巨大的作用,是权利人应否获得法律强制保护的基础,那么,为什么不允许法院主动地对权利人的这一权利是否存在进行审查呢?请求法院给予强制保护的权利是否存在,这是一个客观存在的事实,有即应获得胜诉的判决,无即应获得败诉的判决。法院的判决应当以客观的权利事实状态为依据,而不应当因为当事人是否有主张而有所改变。更何况,依“胜诉权消灭说”,胜诉权是权利人请求法院给予强制力保护的权利基础,所以,法院更应当有权力和职责主动地查明权利人权原的实况,而非消极地受制于当事人是否主张时效利益。由此,我们可以看出,“胜诉权消灭说”在逻辑上的不严谨以及和现实生活状况的脱节。按照逻辑推演,此说允许法院主动地援引时效期间,然诉讼时效制度运行的实况却是不允许法院主动地援引,而必须受制于当事人的自由主张。
  二、诉讼时效届满抗辩权发生说
  这种观点实际上也是各国立法中所持的观点。如德国民法典(2002年版)第214条第1款规定:“在消灭时效完成之后,债务人有权拒绝给付”。台湾民法典第 144 条第1款规定,“时效完成后,债务人得拒绝给付。”依此立法例,在诉讼时效完成以后,债务人产生对抗债权人的抗辩权,可以以此对抗债权人请求履行债务的请求权。“抗辩权发生说”认为,诉讼时效届满,对于权利人的权利而言,并不产生任何影响,不存在所谓的“胜诉权”消灭之说。但是,对于义务人而言,这时因为诉讼时效的届满而使其获得了一种对抗权利人请求权的抗辩权。这是一种永久性的抗辩权,虽然权利人的请求权并未因诉讼时效届满而发生任何变化,但是,由于义务人抗辩权的取得,使其请求权将再也不能够实现。此项抗辩权成为阻止权利人权利实现的“终结者”。当然,抗辩权属于权利的一种,权利是否行使属于权利人自由行为的范畴。因此,如果义务人行使了因诉讼时效届满而产生的抗辩权,权利人的权利将因此而不能实现;如果义务人没有行使此项抗辩权,则在权利人向义务人主张权利时,义务人仍然应当履行自己的义务,否则,即为违法。“抗辩权发生说”简单而又清晰地用请求权与抗辩权之间的对抗关系解释了诉讼时效届满以后的权利人与义务人之间的权利义务状况,而且,此理论可以圆满地解释诉讼时效制度运行中的种种实际问题。我们就前面所述诉讼时效届满胜诉权消灭说不能合理解释的两个问题分述如下:
  第一,关于实践中当事人自行主张适用诉讼时效的合法性问题。因为诉讼时效届满是使义务人发生抗辩权,而抗辩权是义务人所享有的一种民事权利,所以,义务人自然可以在法庭外,在权利人直接向其主张权利时予以援引,以此对抗权利人的请求权。权利人在义务人援引抗辩权之后,知道,即便诉诸法院,也会因为义务人继续行使抗辩权而使其权利无法实现,故也就不会再起诉至法院了。这样,诉讼时效制度的功效就在当事人自行主张权利的自治空间内得到了实现。当然,如果权利人起诉至了法院,义务人也可以在法庭上以此项抗辩权对抗权利人的请求权,使权利人的权利不能实现,这也是其享有抗辩权后行使方式的一种。由此可见,诉讼时效届满抗辩权发生说不仅可以解释义务人在法庭上主张时效利益,对抗权利人权利的行为,而且,也可以解释实践中大量出现的当事人之间自行主张诉讼时效利益的社会生活实况,使法律理论与社会现实相统一。对于当事人之间自行引用诉讼时效的效力,各国法律虽没有明文规定,但学说和判例均持肯定的态度。“在我民法(指台湾民法),法院以外之援用,亦应有拘束法院之效力。如债务人于审判外受给付之请求,而为拒绝给付之抗辩,于审判上自得主张其于审判外已为时效之抗辩。依德国民法解释,法院并得以之驳回诉讼之理由。”
  第二,关于法院应否主动援引诉讼时效的问题。依照诉讼时效届满抗辩权发生说,诉讼时效届满以后,只是使义务人产生对抗权利人的抗辩权,而此抗辩权性质上属于义务人的民事权利。既然为义务人的民事权利,义务人就应当享有行使或不行使的自由。在权利人主张权利时,义务人可以以此项抗辩权对抗权利人的权利,使对方的权利不能实现;同时,义务人也可以出于各种原因不行使这种对于权利人的抗辩,不行使者,则义务人仍然应当履行自己的义务,实现权利人的权利。上述两种情况应当说都是义务人在获得抗辩权之后所享有的自由选择,都是法律所允许的。因此,在这种情况下,即便权利人诉至了法院,法院也不能代替义务人作出是否适用诉讼时效的决定,因为决定是否主张诉讼时效,是否行使抗辩权是义务人的权利和自由,法院也不能越俎代庖,替义务人作出选择。所以,从诉讼时效届满产生私权性质的抗辩权出发,我们可以完全合理地推导出诉讼时效利益“只能由当事人自行主张,而不能由法院主动援引”的结论。也正是基于这一理论,各国立法均明确规定时效利益应当由当事人自行援引,不允许法院主动适用。如意大利民法典第2938条规定,“法官不得依职权提起没有主张的时效。”日本民法典第145条规定,“除非当事人援用时效,法院不得根据时效进行裁判。” 在论证了“抗辩权发生说”的诸多优势以后,我们发现,在我国学术界也已经越来越多的学者否定了“胜诉权消灭说”,而转而接受了“抗辩权发生说”。龙卫球先生认为,“我国《民法通则》第135条推论的诉讼时效的效果,应理解为:诉讼时效完成,只是使义务人取得拒绝履行抗辩权。请求权人仍然可以起诉,如果义务人主张时效抗辩,其起诉不予保护,如果义务人不主张时效抗辩,则请求权人仍然可以胜诉。” 杨立新先生认为,“学者讨论认为,这样(诉讼时效届满消灭胜诉权)的结果,实际上是使一个当事人可以依据自己的意志自由行使的权利,变成了法官的权力,变成了国家的意志。这不符合民事权利的本质要求。……将诉讼时效的性质改变为抗辩权,更符合诉讼时效的本质,有利于保护债权人的合法债权,减少恶意逃债行为的发生,维护正常的交易秩序。” 并且,在中国人民大学民商事基地民法典建议稿中,其也将诉讼时效届满的后果定位为抗辩权的发生。该建议稿第245条规定,“权利人于法定期间内继续地不行使其请求权,期间届满后,义务人有权拒绝履行给付。”此外,第248条规定,“非经受时效利益人或者其代理人援用时效抗辩,人民法院或者仲裁机构不得以时效作为裁判的根据。但为使当事人明确其权利的存在,人民法院或者仲裁机构得为必要的阐明措施。”
  综上所述,笔者认为,应在立法上正式采用“抗辩权发生说”,在司法实践中也要认真贯彻这一理论,从而使理论能真正对于司法实践产生科学的指导作用。


北安市人民法院 宋君